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Introduction
The interdisciplinary nature of ECS is uniquely refl ected within the High Temperature Materials (HTM) Division. Here, scientists and engineers are concerned with the chemical and physical characterization of materials, the kinetics of reactions, the thermodynamic properties and phase equilibria of systems, the development of new processing methods, and ultimately, the use of materials in advanced technology applications at high temperatures. The mission of the HTM Division is to stimulate education, research, publication, and exchange of information related to both the science and technology of high temperature materials, which include ceramics, metals, alloys, and composites. While seeking to fulfi ll its mission, a continuing goal of the Division is to help ensure the development of new materials and processes to overcome the limitations that currently hold back advances in technology. These advances include more effi cient and cleaner energy sources and storage systems; smaller and more reliable electronic, magnetic, optical, and mechanical devices; a wider variety of technologically useful chemical sensors and membranes; lightweight, corrosion-resistant structural materials for use at elevated temperatures in extreme environments; and economic methods for recycling and safely disposing of our waste materials.

A metal or alloy which serves above about 1000 F (540 C). More specifically, the materials which operate at such temperatures consist principally of some stainless steels, superalloys, refractory metals, and certain ceramic materials. The giant class of alloys called steels usually see service below 1000 F. The most demanding applications for high-temperature materials are found in aircraft jet engines, industrial gas turbines, and nuclear reactors. However, many furnaces, ductings, and electronic and lighting devices operate at such high temperatures.

In order to perform successfully and economically at high temperatures, a material must have at least two essential characteristics: it must be strong, since increasing temperature tends to reduce strength, and it must have resistance to its environment, since oxidation and corrosion attack also increase with temperature. See also Corrosion; High-temperature chemistry.

High-temperature materials, always vital, have acquired an even greater importance because of developing crises in providing society with sufficient energy. The machinery which produces electricity or some other form of power from a heat source operates according to the basic Carnot cycle law, where the efficiency of the device depends on the difference between its highest operating temperature and its lowest temperature. Thus, the greater this difference, the more efficient is the device a result giving great impetus to create materials that operate at very high temperatures.

Examples of High Temperature Activities and Materials
High temperature materials provide the basis for a wide variety of technology areas, including energy, electronic, photonic, and chemical applications. While some applications involve the use of these materials at high temperatures, others require materials processed at high temperatures for room temperature uses. In electrochemistry, the interaction of these materials with each other, the atmosphere, and the movement of electrons are of high importance. The high value of a cross-cutting technology such as high temperature materials to a wide variety of technical arenas is reflected by the number of science and engineering disciplines involved in the study of processing and properties of these materials, including ceramic science, chemistry, chemical engineering, electrical engineering, mechanical engineering, metallurgy, and physics. The diversity of interests ranges from experimental observations to predicting behavior, from scientific principles to engineering design, from atomic scale models to performance while in use.

References:
http://answerstopic/high-temperature-material
http://electrochemdl/interface/spr/spr06...p48-51.pdf

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