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EMBEDDED SYSTEM DESIGN


Definition :
An embedded system is nothing but general purpose computer which is used (or) specified to do a particular task (or) job.
Embedded systems are found in a variety of common electronic devices, such as:
1) Consumer electronics.
2) Home appliances.
3) Office automation.
4) Business equipment.
5) Automobiles.

Characteristics of embedded systems :
1) Single functioned:- An embedded system usually executes a specific program repeatedly. For example, a pager is always a pager. In contrast, a desktop system executes a variety of programs like spreadsheets, wordprocessors and videogames with new programs added frequently.

1) Tightly constrained:- All computing systems have constraints on design metrics, but those an embedded systems can be especially tight. A design metric is a measure of an implementation s features such as cost, size, performance and power. Embedded systems often must cost just a few dollars, must be sized to fit on a single chip, must perform fast enough to process data in real time and must consume minimum power to extend battery life.
2) Reactive and real time:- Many embedded systems must continually react to changes in the system s environment and must compute certain results in real time without delay. For example, a car s cruise controller continually monitors and reacts to speed and brake sensors. It must compute acceleration (or) declaration amounts repeatedly with in a limited time; a delayed computation could result in a failure to maintain control of the car.
Common design metrics :-
A design metric is a measurable feature of a system s implementation. Commonly used metrics include:
NRE cost (Non recurring engineering cost):- The one-time monetary cost of designing the system. Once the system is designed, any number of units can be manufactured

without incurring any additional design cost: hence the term nonrecurring.
Unit cost:- The monetary cost of manufacturing each copy of the system, excluding NRE cost.
Size:- The physical space required by the system, often measured in bytes for software, and gates (or) transistors for hardware.
Performance:- The execution time of the system.

Unit cost:- The monetary cost of manufacturing each copy of the system, excluding NRE cost.
Size:- The physical space required by the system, often measured in bytes for software, and gates (or) transistors for hardware.
Performance:- The execution time of the system.
Power:- The amount of power consumed by the system, which may determine the lifetime of a battery, or the cooling requirements of the IC, since more power means more heat.
Flexibility:- The ability to change the functionality of the system without incurring heavy NRE cost; software is typically considered very flexible.
Time-to-prototype :- The time needed to build a working version of the system, which may be bigger or more expensive than the final system implementation, but it can be used to verify the system s usefulness and correctness and to refine the system s functionality.
Time-to-market:- The time required to develop a system to the point that it can be released and sold to customers.

Guide:
Ms. DINA ANNA JOHN

Prepared by:
MITTU SUNNY

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INTRODUCTION

Biotelemetric system aimed at monitoring of
patient s vital functions.

It consist of two parts- inner part and outer part.

TCP and UDP protocols are used for the communication between these parts

Communication in inner part is implemented using zigbee technology