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WiMAX for Broadband Wireless Access full report - apratik - 08-16-2017 WiMAX for Broadband Wireless Access Presented By: Karim M. El Defrawy ICS UCI-2005 Outline What is WiMAX 802.16 Introduction 802.16 MAC Highlights 802.16 Reference Model MAC Convergence Sub-Layer (CS) MAC Common Part Sub-Layer (CPS) MAC Privacy Sub-Layer (PS) Questions What is WiMAX? Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is the common name associated to the IEE 802.16a/REVd/e standards. These standards are issued by the IEE 802.16 subgroup that originally covered the Wireless Local Loop technologies with radio spectrum from 10 to 66 GHz. IEE 802.16 -- Introduction IEE 802.16 (2001) Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access System MAC and PHY Specifications for 10 66 GHZ (LoS) One PHY: Single Carrier Connection-oriented, TDM/TDMA MAC, QoS, Privacy IEE 802.16a (January 2003) Amendment to 802.16, MAC Modifications and Additional PHY Specifications for 2 11 GHz (NLoS) Three PHYs: OFDM, OFDMA, Single Carrier Additional MAC functions: OFDM and OFDMA PHY support, Mesh topology support, ARQ IEE 802.16d (July 2004) Combines both IEE 802.16 and 802.16a Some modifications to the MAC and PHY IEE 802.16e (2005?) Amendment to 802.16-2004 MAC Modifications for limited mobility IEE 802.16 -- Introduction IEE 802.16 -- Introduction IEE 802.16 MAC -- Highlights WirelessMAN: Point-to-Multipoint and optional mesh topology Connection-oriented Multiple Access: DL TDM & TDMA, UL TDMA;UL OFDMA & TDMA, DL OFDMA & TDMA (Optional) PHY considerations that affect the MAC Duplex: TDD, FDD, FDX FDD BS and SS, HDX FDD SS Adaptive burst profiles (Modulation and FEC) on both DL and UL Protocol-independent core (ATM, IP, Ethernet) Flexible QoS offering (CBR, rt-VBR, nrt-VBR, BE) Strong security support Reference Model Adaptive PHY Adaptive Burst Profiles Burst profile: Modulation and FEC On DL, multiple SSs can associate the same DL burst On UL, SS transmits in an given time slot with a specific burst Dynamically assigned according to page link conditions Burst by burst Trade-off capacity vs. robustness in real time Duplex Scheme Support The duplex scheme is Usually specified by regulatory bodies, e.g., FCC Time-Division Duplex (TDD) Downlink & Uplink time share the same RF channel Dynamic asymmetry does not transmit & receive simultaneously (low cost) Frequency-Division Duplex (FDD) Downlink & Uplink on separate RF channels Full Duplexing (FDX): can Tx and Rx simultaneously; Half-duplexing (HDX) SSs supported (low cost) IEE 802.16 MAC OFDM PHY TDD Frame Structure IEE 802.16 MAC OFDM PHY FDD Frame Structure FDD MAPs Time Relevance IEE 802.16 MAC addressing and Identifiers SS has 48-bit IEE MAC address BS has 48-bit base station ID Not a MAC address 24-bit operator indicator 16-bit connection ID (CID) 32-bit service flow ID (SFID) 16-bit security association ID (SAID) IEE 802.16 MAC Convergence Sub-Layer (CS) ATM Convergence Sub-Layer: Support for VP/VC switched connections Support for end-to-end signaling of dynamically created connections ATM header suppression Full QoS support Packet Convergence Sub-Layer: Initial support for Ethernet, VLAN, IPv4, and IPv6 Payload header suppression Full QoS support IEE 802.16 MAC -- CS Packet Convergence Sub-Layer Functions: Classification: mapping the higher layer PDUs (Protocol Data Units) into appropriate MAC connections Payload header suppression (optional) MAC SDU (Service Data Unit), i.e, CS PDU, formatting IEE 802.16 MAC -- CPS MAC PDU Format IEE 802.16 MAC -- CPS -- Three Types of MAC PDUs Data MAC PDUs HT = 0 Payloads are MAC SDUs/segments, i.e., data from upper layer (CS PDUs) Transmitted on data connections Management MAC PDUs HT =0 Payloads are MAC management messages or IP packets encapsulated in MAC CS PDUs Transmitted on management connections BW Req. MAC PDUs HT =1; and no payload, i.e., just a Header IEE 802.16 MAC -- CPS Data Packet Encapsulations IEE 802.16 MAC CPS -- MAC Management Connections Each SS has 3 management connections in each direction: Basic Connection: short and time-urgent MAC management messages MAC mgmt messages as MAC PDU payloads Primary Management connection: longer and more delay tolerant MAC mgmt messages MAC mgmt messages as MAC PDU payloads Secondary Management Connection: Standard based mgmt messages, e.g., DHCP, SNMP, etc IP packets based CS PDU as MAC PDU payload IEE 802.16 MAC CPS MAC Management Messages IEE 802.16 MAC CPS MAC PDU Transmission MAC PDUs are transmitted in PHY Bursts The PHY burst can contain multiple FEC blocks MAC PDUs may span FEC block boundaries Concatenation Packing Segmentation Sub-headers IEE 802.16 MAC CPS MAC PDU Concatenation IEE 802.16 MAC CPS MAC PDU Fragmentation IEE 802.16 MAC CPS MAC PDU Packing IEE 802.16 MAC CPS QoS Three components of 802.16 QoS Service flow QoS scheduling Dynamic service establishment Two-phase activation model (admit first, then activate) Service Flow A unidirectional MAC-layer transport service characterized by a set of QoS parameters, e.g., latency, jitter, and throughput assurances Identified by a 32-bit SFID (Service Flow ID) Three types of service flows Provisioned: controlled by network management system Admitted: the required resources reserved by BS, but not active Active: the required resources committed by the BS IEE 802.16 MAC CPS Uplink Service Classes UGS: Unsolicited Grant Services rtPS: Real-time Polling Services nrtPS: Non-real-time Polling Services BE: Best Effort IEE 802.16 MAC CPS Uplink Services: UGS UGS: Unsolicited Grant Services For CBR or CBR-like services, e.g., T1/E1. The BS scheduler offers fixed size UL BW grants on a real-time periodic basis. The SS does not need to send any explicit UL BW req. IEE 802.16 MAC CPS Uplink Services: rtPS rtPS: Real-time Polling Services For rt-VBR-like services, e.g., MPEG video. The BS scheduler offers real-time, periodic, UL BW request opportunities. The SS uses the offered UL BW req. opportunity to specify the desired UL BW grant. The SS cannot use contention-based BW req. IEE 802.16 MAC CPS Uplink Services: nrtPS nrtPS: non-real-time polling services For nrt-VBR-like services, such as, bandwidth-intensive file transfer. The BS scheduler shall provide timely (on a order of a second or less) UL BW request opportunities. The SS can use contention-based BW req. opportunities to send BW req. IEE 802.16 MAC CPS Uplink Services: BE BE: Best Effort For best-effort traffic, e.g., HTTP, SMTP. The SS uses the contention-based BW request opportunities. IEE 802.16 MAC CPS Bandwidth Grant IEE 802.16 MAC CPS BW Request/Grant Mechanisms Implicit requests (UGS): No actual requests BW request messages, i.e., BW req. header Sends in either a contention-based BW req. slot or a regular UL allocation for the SS;he special B Requests up to 32 KB with a single message Request Incremental or aggregate, as indicated by MAC header Piggybacked request (for non-UGS services only) Presented in Grant Management (GM) sub-header in a data MAC PDU of the same UL connection is always incremental Up to 32 KB per request for the CID Poll-Me bit Presented in the GM sub-header on a UGS connection request a bandwidth req. opportunity for non-UGS services IEE 802.16 MAC CPS -- Contention UL Access IEE 802.16 MAC CPS UL Sub-Frame Structure IEE 802.16 MAC CPS Ranging Ranging is a process of acquiring the correct timing offset, and PHY parameters, such as, Tx power level, frequency offset, etc. so that the SS can communicate with the BS correctly. BS performs measurements and feedback. SS performs necessary adjustments. Two types of Ranging: Initial ranging: for a new SS to join the system Periodic ranging (also called maintenance ranging): dynamically maintain a good RF link. IEE 802.16 MAC CPS Automatic Repeat reQuest (ARQ) A Layer-2 sliding-window based flow control mechanism. Per connection basis. Only effective to non-real-time applications. Uses a 11-bit sequence number field. Uses CRC-32 checksum of MAC PDU to check data errors. Maintain the same fragmentation structure for Retransmission. Optional. IEE 802.16 MAC Privacy Sub-layer (PS) Two Major Functions: Secures over-the-air transmissions Protects from theft of service Two component protocols: Data encryption protocol A client/server model based Key management protocol (Privacy Key Management, or PKM) IEE 802.16 MAC PS -- Security Associations A set of privacy information, e.g., encryption keys, used encryption algorithm Three types of Security Associations (SAs) Primary SA: established during initial registration Static SA: provisioned within the BS Dynamic SA: dynamically created on the fly Identified by a 16-bit SAID Connections are mapped to SAs IEE 802.16 MAC PS -- Multi-level Keys and Their Usage Public Key Contained in X.509 digital certificate Issued by SS manufacturers Used to encrypt AK Authorization Key (AK) Provided by BS to SS at authorization Used to derive KEK Key Encryption Key (KEK) Derived from AK Used to encrypt TEK Traffic Encryption Key (TEK) Provided by BS to SS at key exchange Used to encrypt traffic data payload IEE 802.16 MAC PS -- Data Encryption Use DES (Data Encryption Standard) in CBC (Cipher Block Chaining) mode with IV (Initialization Vector). CBC IV is calculated from IV parameter in TEK keying info; and PHY synchronization field in DL-MAP. Only MAC PDU payload (including sub-headers) is encrypted. MAC PDU headers are unencrypted. Management messages are unencrypted. IEE 802.16 MAC one big item is out of scope Scheduler Questions ?? References IEE802.16-2004 Alcatel White Paper: WiMAX, making ubiquitous high-speed data services a reality Intel White Paper: Understanding WiMAX and 3G for Portable/Mobile Broadband Wireless WiMAX Forum: wimaxforum.com http://en.wikipediawiki/WiMax IEE 802.16 MAC commonly used terms BS Base Station SS Subscriber Station, (i.e., CPE) DL Downlink, i.e. from BS to SS UL Uplink, i.e. from SS to BS FDD Frequency Division Duplex TDD Time Division Duplex TDMA Time Division Multiple Access TDM Time Division Multiplexing OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing OFDMA - Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access QoS Quality of Service read more http://en.wikipediawiki/Wireless_broadband http://bwianews http://wi-fiplanetwimax/article.php/3412391/WiMAX-Broadband-Wireless-Access.htm Why WiMAX? WiMAX covers a couple of different frequency ranges. Basically, the IEE 802.16 standard addresses frequencies from 10GHz to 66GHz. The 802.16a specification, which is an extension of IEE802.16, covers bands in the 2GHz-to-11GHz range. WiMAX has a range of up to 30 miles with a typical cell radius of 4 6 miles. WiMAX's channel sizes range from 1.5 to 20MHz as well, and offer a WiMAX-based network the flexibility to support a variety of data transmitting rates such as T1 (1.5Mbps) and higher data transmitting rates of up to 70Mbps on a single channel that can support thousands of users. This flexibility allows WiMAX to adapt to the available spectrum and channel widths in different countries or licensed to different service providers. WiMAX supports ATM, IPv4, IPv6, Ethernet, and VLAN services. So, it can provide a rich choice of service possibilities to voice and data network service providers. In addition, WiMAX provides an ideal wireless backhaul technology to connect 802.11 wireless LANs and commercial hotspots with the Internet. The WiMAX-based solution is set up and deployed like cellular systems using base stations that service a radius of several miles/kilometers. The most typical WiMAX-based architecture includes a base station mounted on a building and is responsible for communicating on a point to multi-point basis with subscriber stations located in business offices and homes. The customer premise equipment (CPE) will connect the base station to a customer as well; the signal of voice and data is then routed through standard Ethernet cable either directly to a single computer, or to an 802.11 hot spot or a wired Ethernet LAN. WiMAX-based solutions include many other advantages, such as robust security features, good QoS (Quality of Service), and mesh and smart antenna technology that will allow better utilization of the spectrum resources. Also, the WiMAX-based voice service can work on either traditional Time Division Multiplexed (TDM) voice or IP-based Voice, also known as Voice over IP (VoIP). WiMAX Connectivity and Solutions WiMAX allows equipment vendors to create many different types of IEE802.16-based products, including various configurations of base stations and customer premise equipment (CPE). WiMAX also allows the services provider to deliver many types of wireless access services. The WiMAX can be used on a variety of wireless broadband connections and solutions: "Last Mile" Broadband Access Solution Metropolitan-Area Networks (MAN) connections to home and business office, especially in those areas that were not served by cable or DSL or in areas where the local telephone company may need a long time to deploy broadband service. The WiMAX-based wireless solution makes it possible for the service provider to scale-up or scale-down service levels in short times with the client request. Backhaul networks for cellular base stations, bypassing the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN); the cellular service providers can look to wireless backhaul as a more cost-effective alternative. The robust WiMAX technology makes it a nice choice for backhaul for enterprises such as hotspots as well as point-to-point backhaul solutions. Backhaul enterprise connections to the Internet for WiFi hotspots. It will allow users to connect to a wireless Internet service provider even when they roam outside their home or business office. A variety of new business services by wireless Internet service provider. WiMAX for Broadband Wireless Access full report - jilluzyk - 08-16-2017 [attachment=7896] Pramendra kumar M.Tech , Digital communication MANIT Bhopal Content Current Internet access technologies Some Wireless Standards Wimax IEE 802.16 standards Fundamental technologies in Wimax Relationship With Other Wireless Technologies Wimax system part Wimax access method Usage Areas Conclusion Current Internet access technologies Broadband DSL Cable WiFi Dial-up Some Wireless Standards Bluetooth DECT (Digital Enhanced Cordless Telecommunications) DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications) HIPERLAN HIPERMAN IEE 802.11 IrDA RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) WiFi WiMAX Wimax Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) is the common name associated to the IEE 802.16a/e standards. These standards are issued by the IEE 802.16 subgroup that originally covered the Wireless Local Loop technologies with radio spectrum from 10 to 66 GHz. Faster than broadband service 70 megabits per second Much wider coverage than WiFi 30-mile radius from base station Line-of-sight not needed between user and base station IEE 802.16 standards 802.16.1 (10-66 GHz, line-of-sight, up to 134Mbit/s) 802.16.2 (minimizing interference between coexisting WMANs) 802.16a (2-11 Ghz, Mesh, non-line-of-sight) 802.16b (5-6 Ghz) 802.16c (detailed system profiles) 802.16d (fixed wirelessMAN) P802.16e (Mobile Wireless MAN) Fundamental technologies in Wimax OFDMA SUPPORT FOR SMART ANTENA ADAPTIVE MODULATION FDD AND TDD WiMAX access method An Internet service provider sets up a WiMAX base station. You would buy a WiMAX-enabled computer or upgrade your old computer to add WiMAX capability. You would receive a special encryption code that would give you access to the base station. The base station would beam data from the Internet to your computer If you have a home network, the WiMAX base station would send data to a WiMAX-enabled router, which would then send the data to the different computers on your network WiMAX for Broadband Wireless Access full report - divyam - 08-16-2017 [attachment=5326] WiMAX ABSTRACT Imagine a single wireless technology that can: make portable Internet a reality by extending public WLAN hotspots to metropolitan area coverage for mobile data-centric service delivery, connect enterprises and residential users in urban and suburban environments where access to copper plant is difficult, bridge the digital divide by delivering broadband in low-density areas. Thanks to its innovative technology, WiMAX will offer broadband wireless access at data rates of multiple Mbit/s to the end-user and within a range of several kilometers. The same radio technology will also offer high-speed data services to all nomadic terminals (laptops, PDAs, etc.) with an optimized trade off between throughput and coverage. Ultimately it will enable the "Portable Internet" usage replicating on the move the same user experience as at home or at the office. Given its huge benefits, WiMAX will develop as a powerful radio access solution with many integration synergies in mobile or fixed network architecture. WiMAX will also enable end-users to benefit from an "Always Best Connected" experience when accessing their applications via the best available network, at home, on the pause, or on the move. WiMAX particularly fits in Alcatel's vision for a User-Centric Broadband World in full complementarity with the other broadband access technologies: from ADSL to UMTS and their evolutions towards higher speed and data efficiency ii http://seminarsprojects.net/Thread-fixed-and-mobile-wimax-seminars-report WiMAX for Broadband Wireless Access full report - [email protected] - 08-16-2017 broadbandwireless INTRODUCTION: Two technologies for delivering broadbandwireless Internet access services: 3G VS. WiFi . The former, 3G, refers to the collection of third generation mobile technologies that are designed to allow mobile operators to offer integrated data and voice services over mobile networks .The latter, WiFi, refers to the 802.11b wireless Ethernet standard that was designed to support wireless LANs. Although the two technologies reflect fundamentally different service, industry and architectural design goals, origins and philosophies, each has recently attracted a lot of attention as candidates for the dominant platform for providing broadband wireless access to the Internet. It remains an open question as to the extent to which these two technologies are in competition or, perhaps, may be complementary. If they are viewed as in competition, then the triumph of one at the expense of the other would be likely to have profound implications for the evolution of the wireless internet and structure of the service provider industry. It covers the topic how "3G" & "WiFi" works. It also includes the difference between two different technology. It also covers the how's the new technology "3G" works, how's it better from "WiFi" . It's disadvantages and many more. WiMAX for Broadband Wireless Access full report - nike_y2k - 08-16-2017 to get information about the topic "broadband wireless access"full report ppt and related topic refer the page link bellow http://seminarsprojects.net/Thread-wimax-the-innovative-broadband-wireless-access-technology http://seminarsprojects.net/Thread-wimax-broadband-wireless-access http://seminarsprojects.net/Thread-wimax-for-broadband-wireless-access-full-report?pid=27725&mode=threaded http://seminarsprojects.net/Thread-wimax-for-broadband-wireless-access-full-report?pid=26263&mode=threaded http://seminarsprojects.net/Thread-wimax-broadband-wireless-access-through-802-16?pid=5721&mode=threaded http://seminarsprojects.net/Thread-broadband-access-using-wireless-over-multimode-fibre-systems?pid=51750&mode=threaded http://seminarsprojects.net/Thread-wimax-for-broadband-wireless-access-full-report?pid=46293&mode=threaded WiMAX for Broadband Wireless Access full report - moby - 08-16-2017 abdul basit asalam oalikum mamu app sub se kahe dejeay k ma ab kise ko bi friend nahi banao ga please agr on line oh to muge msg kareay ga dgdfgfdgfd |