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NOISE POLLUTION AND ITS EFFECT ON URBAN AREAS presentation - laxman - 10-04-2017 [attachment=3444] Introduction Noise can be defined as unwanted or undesirable sound. The word noise is derived from a Latin word nausea meaning seasickness. Be it human or machine-created noise disrupts the activity and balance of life. Humans, animals, plants and even inert objects like buildings, monuments and bridges have been the victims of noise pollution. Noise pollution is considered as major hazards of modern life especially in urban areas-areas that are most industrialized and urbanized. Materials related to Sound Sound Waves Sound waves are caused due to variation in pressure above or below the static value of atmospheric pressure. Frequency of sound Frequency is the rapidity with which pressure variation occurs. It is measured in hertz. Audible frequency is a periodic vibration whose frequency is audible to average human. Weighting networks The simplest method of measuring noise pollution is by assessing linear sound pressure level over a broad frequency level band covering the whole of audible frequency band. Filtering networks are used to measure the sensation whose sensitivity varies as that of human ear. Widely used weighting network is A weighing. They are represented as dB A. Decibel Decibel is widely used as measure of sound level. The ratio of the lowest sound power level to loudest power level is approximately one to one million. Sound Power level, Lw= 10 log10 (W/ Wref) Sound Pressure level , Lp= 20 log10 (P/ Pref) Parameters that affect measurement Sound Pressure Level vs. Distance from the Source Attenuation of Sound Wind Effects Air Absorption Temperature Gradient Ground Attenuation Sources causing Noise Pollution Road Traffic Noise Aircraft Noise Noise from Railroads Effects Interference with communication Noise induced hearing loss Effects on sleep Effects on performance behavior Other health effects Sound level meter Noise Pollution and Control Rules 2000 Ambient noise limits conclusion Control measures Immediate measures Proper maintenance of vehicles Thick vegetation and growing trees on road side By lodging a formal complaint Raising obstruction and barriers between noise sources and residences. References Noise and its Effects , Dr. Alice H. Sutter ( 19-28,36-42,98-103) Environmental Pollution Anmol Publication B.D. Sharma ( 34,35,86-91) Status of Noise in Industrial area, Bangalore Paper Presented and published at 94th session of ISC (Dr. B. Shanthaveerana Goud ,Dr. Jayamma, Dr.Nandini, Prof. Devraj) THANK YOU |