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Power Quality Application Guide - Printable Version +- Free Academic Seminars And Projects Reports (https://easyreport.in) +-- Forum: Seminars Topics And Discussions (https://easyreport.in/forumdisplay.php?fid=30) +--- Forum: Miscellaneous Seminars Topics (https://easyreport.in/forumdisplay.php?fid=21) +---- Forum: General Seminar Topics (https://easyreport.in/forumdisplay.php?fid=58) +---- Thread: Power Quality Application Guide (/showthread.php?tid=57735) |
Power Quality Application Guide - shoaibvv - 10-04-2017 Power Quality Application Guide [attachment=169] European Copper Institute (ECI) The European Copper Institute is a joint venture between ICA (International Copper Association) and IWCC (International Wrought Copper Council) contributing members. Through its membership, ECI acts on behalf of the world s largest copper producers and Europe s leading fabricators in promoting copper in Europe. Formed in January 1996, ECI is supported by a network of ten Copper Development Associations ( CDAs ) in Benelux, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Poland, Scandinavia, Spain and the UK. It furthers the efforts initially undertaken by the Copper Products Development Association, formed in 1959, and INCRA (International Copper Research Association) formed in 1961. Copper Development Association (CDA) Copper Development Association is a non-trading organisation sponsored by the copper producers and fabricators to encourage the use of copper and copper alloys and to promote their correct and efficient application. Its services, which include the provision of technical advice and information, are available to those interested in the utilisation of copper in all its aspects. The Association also provides a page link between research and the user industries and maintains close contact with the other copper development organisations throughout the world. Acknowledgements This project has been carried out with the support of the European Community and International Copper Association, Ltd. Disclaimer European Copper Institute and Copper Development Association disclaim liability for any direct, indirect, consequential or incidental damages that may result from the use of the information, or from the inability to use the information or data contained within this publication. Copyright European Copper Institute and Copper Development Association. Reproduction is authorised providing the material is unabridged and the source is acknowledged. Switched mode power supplies (SMPS) The majority of modern electronic units use switched mode power supplies (SMPS). These differ from older units in that the traditional step-down transformer and rectifier is replaced by direct controlled rectification of the supply to charge a reservoir capacitor from which the direct current for the load is derived by a method appropriate to the output voltage and current required. The advantage to the equipment manufacturer is that the size, cost and weight is significantly reduced and the power unit can be made in almost any required form factor. The disadvantage to everyone else is that, rather than drawing continuous current from the supply, the power supply unit draws pulses of current which contain large amounts of third and higher harmonics and significant high frequency components (see Figure 3). Three phase loads Variable speed controllers, UPS units and DC converters in general are usually based on the three-phase bridge, also known as the six-pulse bridge because there are six pulses per cycle (one per half cycle per phase) on the DC output. The six pulse bridge produces harmonics at 6n +/- 1, i.e. at one more and one less than each multiple of six. In theory, the magnitude of each harmonic is the reciprocal of the harmonic number, so there would be 20 % fifth harmonic and 9 % eleventh harmonic, etc. |