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solar powered electrolux refrigeration system ppt - jishinsn - 10-06-2017 Abstract Solar energy is the most abundant source of energy available in our country. The power of the sun can be efficiently used to harness energy for solving our energy needs. The void of not having efficient technology to tap this abundant energy reservoir has led to search for better technologies and more varied applications. Our primary focus in this paper would be on utilizing solar energy for domestic refrigeration purposes. The system used in this paper is known as an Electrolux refrigeration system which is a modified version of Einstein-Szilard refrigerator . It is a three fluid system comprising of ammonia, water & hydrogen. Instead of a compressor it uses waste heat to run a generator, as opposed to a standard refrigerator. A low grade heat source heats up the absorber-absorbent pair releasing the refrigerant in vapour form. This vapour is air cooled to liquid state at the condenser. Finally hydrogen reduces the vapour pressure of the ammonia liquid entering the evaporator causing the liquid to boil absorbing heat from the cabin and in turn cooling it. The work illustrated deals with the design, fabrication and testing of the aforementioned concept. The system was operated on a sunny day, the collector fluid temperature and cabin temperatures were monitored. The obtained results have been tabulated and the C.O.P and tonnage of the refrigerator were also computed. Keywords Absorber,Coefficient of performance(COP), Tonnage of refrigeration, Absorbent I. INTRODUCTION A. Background In 1858 a French scientist named Ferdinand Carr invented an absorption cooling system using water and sulphuric acid. In 1922 Baltzar Platen and Carl Munters, improved the system in principle with a 3-fluid configuration. This "Platen-Munters" design was capable of operating without a pump. During 1926-1933 Einstein and Szil rd joined hands to improve the technology in the area of domestic refrigeration. The two were inspired by newspaper reports of the death of a Berlin family due to seal failure which caused a leakage of toxic fumes into their home. Einstein and Szil rd proposed a device without moving parts that would eliminate the potential for seal failure, and worked on its practical applications for various refrigeration cycles. The two in due course were granted 45 patents in their names for three different models. This paper is based on an Electrolux refrigeration system using solar energy as input. The principle behind Electrolux refrigeration is that it uses three gases to accomplish its cooling effect namely ammonia (refrigerant) water (absorbent) and hydrogen. Electrolux absorption refrigerator uses three substances: ammonia, hydrogen gas, and water. At atmospheric conditions, ammonia is a gas with a boiling point of - 33 C. The system is pressurized to the point where the liquefaction of ammonia occurs. The cycle is closed, with hydrogen, water and ammonia and recycled perpetually. The cooling cycle starts with high pressure liquefied ammonia entering the evaporator at ambient temperature. The partial pressure of the hydrogen gas affects the boiling point of the ammonia. As ammonia boils in the evaporator, it requires energy to overcome the enthalpy of vaporization. This energy is drawn from the refrigerator cabin providing the desired cooling effect. B. Present Scenario Energy systems are complex as they involve the consideration of economic, technical and environmental factors. There is a dearth of thermally driven absorption refrigeration machines on the market which provide small-capacity cooling for domestic applications, as stressed upon by Velmurugan V et al. . This paper presents a description of a new solar refrigeration system using three fluid ammonia-hydrogen/water (NH3- H2/H2O) vapour absorption systems. This technique uses solar energy to produce the desired cooling effect and without polluting the environment. According to Celina Maria Cunha Ribeiro et al.[1], the circulation of the working fluids is accomplished via a bubble pump, its action depends significantly on the mass transfer in the evaporator and the absorber. Also Joshua Folaranmi Leonardo has described a new method for using a focusing collector, where heat from the sun is concentrated on a black absorber located at the focal point of the reflector where water is heated to a very high temperature. He also describes a solar tracking system by manual tilting of the bar at the support of the parabolic dish. The setup is mounted on a frame supported with a lever for tilting the parabolic dish reflector to different angles enabling capturing solar energy during different periods of the day. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering Website: ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 4, Issue 9, September 2014) 436 The influence of operating conditions such as: ammonia fraction in inlet solution and tube diameter on the functioning of the bubble pump was presented and discussed by Ali benhmidene et al. . It was found that, the liquid velocity and pumping ratio increase with increasing heat flux, and then it decreases. Optimal heat flux depends namely on tube diameter variations. Ali benhmidene et al. found that the optimum heat flux can be correlated as a function of the mass flow rate and tube diameter, while the minimum heat flux required for pumping can be correlated as a function of tube diameter. The effects of hot water inlet temperatures on the coefficient of performance (COP) have been studied by V Mittal et al. . S. Gabsi et al. designed and simulated an absorption diffusion refrigerator using solar energy for domestic use. The climatic conditions and the cost due to technical constraints for various components such as the solar generator, the condenser, the absorber and the evaporator limits the system s application for small scale purposes. Mass and energy conservation equations showed that the new absorption cycle could produce viable amounts of cooling for domestic applications. solar powered electrolux refrigeration system ppt - shivika gupta - 10-06-2017 Hi, I'm Arjay Castillo a Mechanical Engineering student. I would like to get any ideas on your work that may help in my research studies. thank you |