08-16-2017, 08:44 PM
Active solar systems use solar energy to heat the liquid-liquid or air-and then transfer the solar heat directly to the internal space or storage for later use. If the solar system cannot provide adequate space heating system, a secondary, or backup, the system provides additional warmth. Liquid systems are increasingly being used for storage is enabled, and is well suited for radiant heating systems, boilers, hot water heaters, and even absorption heat pumps and refrigerators. And liquid and air systems can complement the ventilation systems.
FLUID on the BASIS of ACTIVE solar heating
Solar liquid collectors are most suitable for central heating. They are the same as those used in the solar home water heating systems. Flat collectors are most common, but with vacuum tube and concentrating collectors are also available. Collector, heat transfer or "working" fluid, such as water, antifreeze (usually non-toxic propylene glycol), or another type of liquid absorbs the Sun's heat. In due course, the controller runs the circulating pump to move the water through the collector.
Fluid flows quickly, so that its temperature only increases 10 to 20 F (5.6 to 11 C) as it moves through the collector. Heating a smaller volume of liquid up to the higher temperature increases the loss of heat from the collector, and reduces the effectiveness of the system. Liquid leaks either in the storage tank or heat exchanger for immediate use. Other components of the system include piping, pumps, valves, expansion vessel, heat exchanger, storage tank and control.
The flow rate depends on the heat transfer fluid. To learn more about the types of liquid solar collectors, their sizes, maintenance and other issues, see solar water heating.
STORAGE of heat in fluid systems
Liquid storage system of solar heat in tanks with water, in the masonry of the radiant panel systems. Storage tank-type systems, heat transfer fluids from the working fluid in the heat exchanger of external distribution or inside the tank.
The tanks under pressure or without pressure, depending on the overall design of the system. Before you choose a storage tank, consider the cost, size, strength, where it (in the basement or on the street), and how to install it. You may need to build a tank on the ground, if the desired size of the tank does not go through the doorways. Tanks also have restrictions on temperature and pressure, and must comply with local building, plumbing, and mechanical codes. It should also be noted how much insulation is necessary to prevent excessive heat loss, and any protective coating or seal must be to avoid corrosion and leaks.
Specialty or custom tanks may be needed on systems with very large storage requirements. They are usually made of stainless steel, fiberglass or plastic, high temperature. Concrete and wood (hot bath) tanks are also options. Each tank type has its advantages and disadvantages, and all require careful accommodation because of their size and weight. It may be more practical to use several small tanks, rather than one big one. the simplest storage system to use the standard domestic water heaters. They meet construction standards and requirements for pressure receptacles lined to prevent corrosion and are easy to install.
HEAT LIQUID SYSTEMS
You can use a warm floor, baseboards or hot water radiators, Central forced-air system to distribute solar heat. In radiant floor systems, solar, the heated fluid circulates in pipes embedded in a concrete slab floor, which then radiates warmth into the room. Radiant floor heating is ideal for liquid solar systems, since it works well at relatively low temperatures. a carefully designed system may not need a separate tank heat, while most systems include them to control the temperature of the boiler or standard. standard internal water heater can supply a backup heat. Stove is usually finished with tiles. Radiant floor systems take longer to heat the House from a "cold start" than other types of heat distribution systems. When they work, however, they provide a constant level of heat. Carpets and rugs will reduce the efficiency of the system. See radiant heating for more information.