transmission lines and waveguides by bakshi pdf free download

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transmission lines and waveguides by bakshi pdf free download

Transmission Lines and Waveguides
Given a particular conductor geometry for a transmission line or waveguide, only certain patterns of electric and magnetic fields (modes) can exist for propagating waves. These modes must be solutions to the governing ifferential equation (wave equation) while satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions for the fields.

Transmission lines and waveguides may be defined as devices used to guide energy from one point to another (from a source to a load). Transmission lines can consist of a set of conductors, dielectrics or combination thereof. As we have shown using Maxwell s equations, we can transmit energy in the form of an unguided wave (plane wave) through space. In a similar manner, Maxwell s equations show that we can transmit energy in the form of a guided wave on a transmission line.

Transmission Line Definitions
Almost all transmission lines have a cross-sectional geometry which is constant in the direction of wave propagation along the line. This type of transmission line is called a uniform transmission line. Uniform transmission line - conductors and dielectrics maintain the same cross-sectional geometry along the transmission line in the direction of wave propagation.
Given a particular conductor geometry for a transmission line, only certain patterns of electric and magnetic fields (modes) can exist for propagating waves. These modes must be solutions to the governing differential equation (wave equation) while satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions for the fields. Transmission line mode - a distinct pattern of electric and magnetic field induced on a transmission line under source excitation. The propagating modes along the transmission line or waveguide may be classified according to which field components are present or not present in the wave. The field components in the direction of wave propagation are defined as longitudinal components while those perpendicular to the
direction of propagation are defined as transverse components. Transmission Line Mode Classifications Assuming the transmission line is oriented with its axis along the zaxis (direction of wave propagation), the modes may be classified as
1. Transverse electromagnetic (TEM) modes - the electric and magnetic fields are transverse to the direction of wave
propagation with no longitudinal components [Ez = Hz = 0]. TEM modes cannot exist on single conductor guiding structures. TEM modes are sometimes called transmission line modes since they are the dominant modes on transmission
lines. Plane waves can also be classified as TEM modes.

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Transmission Line Theory Different types of transmission lines, Definition of characteristic impedance, The transmission line as a cascade of T-Sections, Definition of propagation constant.General solution of the transmission line, The two standard forms for voltage and current of a line terminated by an impedance, Physical significance of the equation and the infinite line, The two standard forms for the input impedance of a transmission line terminated by an impedance, Meaning of reflection coefficient, Wavelength and velocity of propagation.Waveform distortion, Distortionless transmission line, The telephone cable, Inductance loading of telephone cables.Input impedance of lossless lines, Reflection on a line not terminated by Z0, Transfer impedance, Reflection factor and reflection loss, T and section equivalent to lines. The Line at Radio Frequencies Standing waves and standing wave ratio on a line, One eighth wave line, The quarter wave line and impedance matching, The half wave line.The circle diagram for the dissipationless line, The Smith chart, Application of the Smith chart, Conversion from impedance to reflection coefficient and vice-versa. Impedance to admittance conversion and viceversa, Input impedance of a lossless line terminated by an impedance, Single stub matching and double stub matching.Guided Waves Waves between parallel planes of perfect conductors, Transverse electric and transverse magnetic waves, Characteristics of TE and TM Waves, Transverse electromagnetic waves, Velocities of propagation, Component uniform plane waves between parallel planes, Attenuation of TE and TM waves in parallel plane guides, Wave impedances.Rectangular Waveguides Transverse magnetic waves in rectangular wave guides, Transverse electric waves in rectangular waveguides, Characteristic of TE and TM waves, Cut-off wavelength and phase velocity, Impossibility of TEM waves in waveguides, Dominant mode in rectangular waveguide, Attenuation of TE and TM modes in rectangular waveguides, Wave impedances, Characteristic impedance, Excitation of modes.Circular Wave Guides and Resonators Bessel functions, Solution of field equations in cylindrical co-ordinates, TM and TE waves in circular guides, Wave impedances and characteristic impedance, Dominant mode in circular waveguide, Excitation of modes, Microwave cavities, Rectangular cavity resonators, Circular cavity resonator, Semicircular cavity resonator, Q factor of a cavity resonator for TE101 mode.

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