motes

[rashme]

Smart dust devices are tiny wireless micro electro mechanical sensors (MEMS) that can detect anything ranging from light to vibrations.they are referred to as motes. Modern technology has led to its miniaturisation and these cen contain sensors, computing circuits, bi-directional wireless communications technology and a power supply. They gather data, do computations communicate with other motes .
They have wide appications: engineers can mix them into concrete to monitor the health of the concrete, military use them to gather data about battlefields.

Introduction
Motes is also called smart dust and wireless sensing networks. Originally developed by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), U.S. Department of Defense central research and development group and Santa Clara the California-based chip making giant. The main objective of MOTES is to integrate the sensor, power-supply, computing, and communications functions into a single silicon platform that can collect, analyze, and store data and then create an intelligent response.

THE BASIC IDEA
-The core of a mote is a small, low-power, low-cost, computer.
-The computer tracks one or more sensors.sensors for temperature, light, sound, position, acceleration, vibration are all included.
-This computer connects to the world outside and with other motes with a radio link

Power sources can be mainly batteries, or solar power or even something exotic like vibration power.

TECHNOLOGIES USED
The main technologies involved are:
# MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems)
# Digital Circuitry
# RF (Radio Frequency) Wireless Communication Technology

MEMS SENSORS
They are the integration of mechanical elements, sensors, actuators, and electronics on a common silicon substrate through micro fabrication technology. Sensors collect information from the environment by measuring mechanical, thermal, biological, chemical, optical or magnetic phenomena. The electronics part then processes the information from the sensors and through its decision making capability , direct the actuator to respond by moving, positioning, regulating, pumping and filtering, thereby producing an outcome .

DIGITAL CIRCUITRY
electronic integrated circuits form the brains of the system MEMS augments this by providing input to it. sophistication circuits can be placed on a single silicon chip at a low cost.

WIRELESS COMMUNICATION
This is used for sending and receiving data from distributed sensor network or smart dust systems.power constraints are there and they must communicate over several hundred meters and the data transfer rate must be minimum of 1 kbps. It must support bi-directional communication between a central transceiver and up to 1000 dust motes. The central transceiver must be able to resolve the position of each dust mote and range must be several 100 meters. average power must not exceed one microwatt.

OPERATION OF MOTES
There are different timers running on the motes. When a timer expires, it powers up a part of the mote to carry out a job, then powers off. Some timers control the sensors, which takes a sample, and converts it to a digital word,then stored in the SRAM , or the micro controller performs more complex operations.
Another timer controls the receiver which looks for an incoming packet. If this packet i s not recieved, it is powered off. The mote can receive data packets that are even new program code that is stored in the program memory. Thus user can change the behavior of the mote remotely.

For full seminar report:

[attachment=1113]

The following page link has some more details:
http://careers-india2009/09/22/smart-dust-devices/

[guna.blogger]

Definition

Over the last year or so you may have heard about a new computing concept known as motes. This concept is also called smart dust and wireless sensing networks. It seems like just about every issue of Popular Science, Discover and Wired today contains a blurb about some new application of the mote idea. For example, the military plans to use them to gather information on battlefields, and engineers plan to mix them into concrete and use them to internally monitor the health of buildings and bridges.

There are thousands of different ways that motes might be used, and as people get familiar with the concept they come up with even more. It is a completely new paradigm for distributed sensing and it is opening up a fascinating new way to look at computers.In this article, you will have a chance to understand how motes work and see many of the possible applications of the technology. Then we will look at a MICA mote -- an existing technology that you can buy to experiment with this unique way of sensing the world.

Sensor network applications:

Sensor networks have been applied to various research areas at a number of academic institutions. In particular, environmental monitoring has received a lot of attention with major projects at UCB, UCLA and other places. In addition, commercial pilot projects are staring to emerge as well. There are a number of start-up companies active in this space and they are providing mote hardware as well as application software and back-end infrastructure solutions. The University of California at Berkeley in conjunction with the local Intel Lab is conducting an environmental monitoring project using mote based sensor networks on Great Duck Island off the coast of Maine. This endeavor includes the deployment of tens of motes and several gateways in a fairly harsh outdoor environment.

The motes are equipped with a variety of environmental sensors (temperature, humidity, light, atmospheric pressure, motion, etc.). They form a self-organizing multi-hop sensor net work that is linked via gateways to a base station on the island. There, the data is collected and transmitted via a satellite page link to the Internet. This setup enabled researchers to continuously monitor an endangered bird species on the island without constant perturbation of their habitat. The motes gather detailed data on the bird population and their environment around the clock which would

Intel Mote Hardware

The Intel Mote has been designed after a careful study of the application space for sensor networks. We have interviewed a number of researchers in this space and collected their feedback on desired im-provements over currently available mote designs. A list of requests that have been repeatedly mentioned includes the following key items: o Increased CPU processing power. In particular, for applications such as acoustic sensing and localization additional computational resources are required. o Increased main memory size. Similar to the item above, sensor network applications are beginning to stretch the limits of existing hardware designs. This need is amplified by the desire to perform localized computation on the motes.

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Definition

Over the last year or so you may have heard about a new computing concept known as motes. This concept is also called smart dust and wireless sensing networks. It seems like just about every issue of Popular Science, Discover and Wired today contains a blurb about some new application of the mote idea. For example, the military plans to use them to gather information on battlefields, and engineers plan to mix them into concrete and use them to internally monitor the health of buildings and bridges.

There are thousands of different ways that motes might be used, and as people get familiar with the concept they come up with even more. It is a completely new paradigm for distributed sensing and it is opening up a fascinating new way to look at computers.In this article, you will have a chance to understand how motes work and see many of the possible applications of the technology. Then we will look at a MICA mote -- an existing technology that you can buy to experiment with this unique way of sensing the world.

Sensor network applications:

Sensor networks have been applied to various research areas at a number of academic institutions. In particular, environmental monitoring has received a lot of attention with major projects at UCB, UCLA and other places. In addition, commercial pilot projects are staring to emerge as well. There are a number of start-up companies active in this space and they are providing mote hardware as well as application software and back-end infrastructure solutions. The University of California at Berkeley in conjunction with the local Intel Lab is conducting an environmental monitoring project using mote based sensor networks on Great Duck Island off the coast of Maine. This endeavor includes the deployment of tens of motes and several gateways in a fairly harsh outdoor environment.

The motes are equipped with a variety of environmental sensors (temperature, humidity, light, atmospheric pressure, motion, etc.). They form a self-organizing multi-hop sensor net work that is linked via gateways to a base station on the island. There, the data is collected and transmitted via a satellite page link to the Internet. This setup enabled researchers to continuously monitor an endangered bird species on the island without constant perturbation of their habitat. The motes gather detailed data on the bird population and their environment around the clock which would

Intel Mote Hardware

The Intel Mote has been designed after a careful study of the application space for sensor networks. We have interviewed a number of researchers in this space and collected their feedback on desired im-provements over currently available mote designs. A list of requests that have been repeatedly mentioned includes the following key items: o Increased CPU processing power. In particular, for applications such as acoustic sensing and localization additional computational resources are required. o Increased main memory size. Similar to the item above, sensor network applications are beginning to stretch the limits of existing hardware designs. This need is amplified by the desire to perform localized computation on the motes.

[veena]

Motes

Sensor networks have been applied to various research areas at a number of academic institutions. In particular, environmental monitoring has received a lot of attention with major projects at UCB, UCLA and other places. In addition, commercial pilot projects are staring to emerge as well. There are a number of start-up companies active in this space and they are providing mote hardware as well as application software and back-end infrastructure solutions.

The University of California at Berkeley in conjunction with the local Intel Lab is conducting an environmental monitoring project using mote based sensor networks on Great Duck Island off the coast of Maine. This endeavor includes the deployment of tens of motes and several gateways in a fairly harsh outdoor environment. The motes are equipped with a variety of environmental sensors (temperature, humidity, light, atmospheric pressure, motion, etc.). They form a self-organizing multi-hop sensor net work that is linked via gateways to a base station on the island. There, the data is collected and transmitted via a satellite page link to the Internet. This setup enabled researchers to continuously monitor an endangered bird species on the island without constant perturbation of their habitat. The motes gather detailed data on the bird population and their environment around the clock which would.

The Intel Mote has been designed after a careful study of the application space for sensor networks. We have interviewed a number of researchers in this space and collected their feedback on desired im-provements over currently available mote designs. A list of requests that have been repeatedly mentioned includes the following key items: o Increased CPU processing power. In particular, for applications such as acoustic sensing and localization additional computational resources are required. o Increased main memory size. Similar to the item above, sensor network applications are beginning to stretch the limits of existing hardware designs. This need is amplified by the desire to perform localized computation on the motes.

[jyothi]

MOTES

Motes is a new computing concept. This concept is also called smart dust and wireless sensing networks . It seems like just about every issue of Popular Science , Discover and Wired today contains a blurb about some new application of the mote idea. For example, the military plans to use them to gather information on battlefields, and engineers planto mix them into concrete and use them to internally monitor the health of buildings and bridges. There are thousands of different waysthat motes might be used, and as people get familiar with the concept they come up witheven more. It is a completely new paradigm for distributed sensing and it is opening up a fascinating new way to look at computers.

[nikidiki-nibedita]

Motes is a new computing concept. This concept is also called smart dust and wireless sensing networks . It seems like just about every issue of Popular Science , Discover and Wired today contains a blurb about some new application of the mote idea. For example, the military plans to use them to gather information on battlefields, and engineers planto mix them into concrete and use them to internally monitor the health of buildings and bridges. There are thousands of different waysthat motes might be used, and as people get familiar with the concept they come up witheven more. It is a completely new paradigm for distributed sensing and it is opening up a fascinating new way to look at computers.

[wazilmankara]

Motes is a new computing concept. This concept is also called smart dust and wireless sensing networks . It seems like just about every issue of Popular Science , Discover and Wired today contains a blurb about some new application of the mote idea. For example, the military plans to use them to gather information on battlefields, and engineers planto mix them into concrete and use them to internally monitor the health of buildings and bridges. There are thousands of different waysthat motes might be used, and as people get familiar with the concept they come up witheven more. It is a completely new paradigm for distributed sensing and it is opening up a fascinating new way to look at computers.

[vipul naidu]

to get information about the topic motes full report refer the page link bellow

http://seminarsprojects.net/Thread-motes--3548

[karthi]

Hi,
you can visit this thread for more details:
http://seminarsprojects.net/Thread-MOTES--3548