08-16-2017, 10:27 PM
plc based automatic car washing system ppt
Abstract: The main objective of this paper is to perform exterior car washing automatically using Programmable Logic
Controller integrated with GSM modem. GSM-PLC sends information like entry, exit of car, emergency conditions to
the customer or operator through SMS. After acquiring the information from PLC, the operator can able to act upon it.
Car washing includes Spraying of soap solution, cleansing with water, wiped by brushes and finished with forced air
drying.
Keywords: Car wash, Programmable Logic Controller (PLC),GSM, Ladder Logic, HORNER PLC,SMS.
I. INTRODUCTION
There are many types of car washes. Some of them are Hand car wash where the vehicle is washed by employees, Self services car wash where the customer performs the washing, Chemical car washes which use chemicals to wash and polishing the car surface etc., Nowadays automation has extended its hands in various fields. In automobile services manual car washing requires more labour effects, time consumption and also the results may not be satisfactory to the customers. In order to overcome this,car washing can be done automatically using Programmable Logic controllers (PLC). PLCs are used for the purpose of industrial control as they are flexible and easy installation. Changes in programming can be made easy whenever required.In older systems, many electromechanical relays are used which was replaced by PLC. GSM PLC (Global System for Mobile communications) provides short message service (SMS)type of communications process that enables the transmission of short text message and data transfer to and from mobile devices such as cell phones. Hence by using this feature, the user can be notified in case of any emergency or about the completion of the process. This report presents how car can be washed automatically using PLC. Car washing requires components like conveyor, brushes, sprayers, driers which are driven by DC motors. Control of these components is made through PLC. Research reports shows that the first automatic car wash appears in the late 1930s in which computerized POS mechanism is used. After paying the car is put into a line-up often called the stack or queue. The stack moves sequentially. After pulling up to the tunnel entrance,an attendant usually guides the customer onto the track or conveyor[3].Later car washes includes some functions and control sequences.Till now no research activity was done on full automatic car wash based on GSM service.SMS communications provide an affordable and convenient means to send and receive data using mobile devices such as cell phones. Businesses and industry often require 24-hour coverage of their operations and have personnel to handle work-related issues and emergencies. There are operators who are responsible for the proper functioning of car washing systems. So they need to be notified of significant events[4].So this research was carried out to attract the customers through GSM service.
II. BENEFITS OF USING PLC
PLC can easily run many machines. When running a PLC program, a visual operation can be seen on the screen. Hence troubleshooting a circuit is quick, easy and simple. A PLC program can be tested, validated and corrected saving very valuable time. With wired relay type panels, any rogram alteration requires time for rewiring of panels and devices.With PLC control any change in circuit design or sequence is as simple as retyping the logic. Correcting errors in PLC is short and cost effective.
II. WORKING OF PLC
PLC is a microcontroller system that are specially designed to survive in harsh situations and shielded from heat, cold,dust and moisture etc.PLC can be used for storing instructions for the execution of logic, sequencing and timing to control various digital and analog inputs and outputs. The programs are written on a PC and then download by a cable over a network to the PLC and stored in non-volatile flash memory.
The basic function of PLC is continuous scanning of a program. The scanning can be done in three steps.Testing the input, Execution of the program and Updation of the output. The PLC check each input to about its status whether it is ON or OFF. The input can be switch or sensor. When the input is activated, the information is stored in the memory. Program instructions are executed based upon the input status and an appropriate action is taken. The action is activation of outputs.
For our application we are using HORNER XLE-103 with inbuilt human machine interface(HMI).It has 12 dc inputs and 12 dc outputs and 2 analog inputs.It is integrated with the GSM Modem Module HE-GSM04.Upto 32 messages can be send and receive with 20 variables per message. We can also able to control the process via SMS. The Software used is Cscape.
V. AUTOMATIC CAR WASHING SYSTEM
The fig.3 shows the block diagram of Automatic Car Washing System. A 230V AC Supply is given as input to the SMPS for obtaining 24V DC, since PLC can operate at 24V DC. Terminal Block is used for multi inputs and outputs.