08-16-2017, 10:35 PM
The solar energy is converted into electrical energy by photovoltaic cells. This energy is stored in batteries during the day so that it is used to run the pump to water for agriculture.
This project consists of a loading mechanism controlled with protections for more of the load, deep discharge and the battery voltage. The project is designed to pump water at four different time intervals. It overcomes the difficulties of switching the pump ON / OFF manually. This proposed system has a real-time clock built (RTC) to maintain the time tracking and thus pass ON / OFF pump accordingly.
This project consists of a time clock (RTC) real is connected to a microcontroller 8051 family. Although the time set is equal to the real time, then microcontroller gives control to the corresponding relay to turn on the load, and then another command to turn off as programmed by the user. Multiple / disable entering time is the greatest benefit of this project.
A matrix keyboard to enter different time slots. Viewing 7-imum is interfaced to the microcontroller to display the time. In this project, a solar panel is used to charge a battery. A set of operational amplifiers are used as comparators to monitor continuously the voltage of the Panel, current load, etc.
Indications are also provided by a green LED for the battery fully charged a whole red led to indicate under load, overload and profound state of discharge. Charge controller also uses MOSFET as a semiconductor switch for a cut of the load in a low battery or overload condition. A transistor is used to bypass the solar energy to a dummy load while the battery is fully charged. This protects the battery to get more responsible.
In addition, the project can be improved by interfacing to a GSM modem to the existing project so that full control of the load can be done by sending an SMS to the control unit.
