08-16-2017, 10:56 PM
Jaundice is the yellow appearance of the skin That occurs with the deposition of bilirubin in the subcutaneous tissue and skin. Normally in the body, bilirubin is processed through the liver, which kon giru t with glukuronova acid Where the enzyme gl kuronil transferase on difosfaturidin (UGT) 1A1. This form of bilirubin is excreted in the ball, and then removed from the body through the intestine. When this process is low excretion after birth, does not work effectively, or overwhelmed by the amount of endogenously Produced bilirubin, total bilirubin in the body increases, which leads to hyperbilirubinemia and jaundice.
Jaundice affects 60% of normal newborns in the first week of life. [1] jaundice in newborns from the may emerge from the years of pathologic disease, such as izoimmunnyj gemoliz cells lack enzymes or year. However, it is most often due to the inability of the newborn's normal physiological processing of bilirubin due to the effects of the high metabolism in RBC and interim deficit of bilirubin conjugation in the liver. [1] this type of jaundice called nonpathologic to jaundice in newborns, as Physiologie. [2]
Most children with jaundice, bilirubin concentration Physiologie do not grow to such a degree that requires treatment. However, some children with jaundice exaggerated Physiologie, and in many pathological newborns with jaundice, bilirubin in the blood reaches very high concentrations, which put the child at risk for acute and chronic bilirubin encephalopathy (kernicterus). In these cases, treatment aimed at reducing bilirubin concentration is required in order to avoid serious.
Influence of light on jaundice in newborn infants, and the ability to decrease serum bilirubin level, was first described by Kramer and others in 1958, [3] this observation led to the development of light sources for use in the treatment of children with hyperbilirubinemia, treatment is now called phototherapy. Since STIS, light therapy has been used effectively as a relatively inexpensive and noninvasive method of treating hyperbilirubinemia. reduction or Exchange transfusion in recent years, at least in part, a direct reflection of the likely effectiveness of phototherapy for treating hyperbilirubinemia. In modern neonatal intensive care (neonatal intensive care unit) Exchange transfusion is rare and is only used as an emergency treatment to prevent kernicterus in newborn infants with severe jaundice phototherapy when there is not enough.
At its most basic, light therapy, refers to the use of light to convert molecules of bilirubin in the body into water-soluble isomers that may be made available in the body. the absorption of light normal bilirubin (4Z, 15Z-cium) leads to the formation of two isomeric forms of bilirubin: structural isomers and the main structural isomers of configuration isomer of bilirubin Z-lumirubin. main configuration isomer of bilirubin 4Z, 15 E-bilirubin. Configuration of isomerization is reversible and irreversible structural isomerization. Both structural and configurational isomers of bilirubin less lipophilic than normal bilirubin from the body in the balls and can be gl kuronidaci in the liver without being exposed. Some of configuration isomer of bilirubin, however, back to the original form in balls after selection and kishechno-pechenocna circulation CAN BE reabsorbed by the intestines. A structural isomer of bilirubin, such as Z-lumirubin, can return with urine can also be a.
A light on the results of bilirubin in the generation of excited States of molecules also bilirubin reacts with oxygen to produce a colourless oxidation products, or photo-oxidation products. This process is more Steady structural configuration or isomerization. Photo-oxidation products are excreted in the urine is primarily image below provides a block diagram of turning normal bilirubin in the configurational isomers structural isomers, and fotookislitel nyh products and relevant routes of excretion from the body.