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NIRA: A New Inter-Domain Routing architecture
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NIRA: A New Inter-Domain Routing architecture
Xiaowei Yang, Member, IEE, David Clark, Fellow, IEE, and Arthur W. Berger
IEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON NETWORKING, VOL. 15, NO. 4,

Abstract
In today s Internet, users can choose their local Internet service providers (ISPs), but once their packets have entered the network, they have little control over the overall routes their packets take. Giving a user the ability to choose between provider-level routes has the potential of fostering ISP competition
to offer enhanced service and improving end-to-end performance and reliability. This paper presents the design and evaluation of a new Internet routing architecture (NIRA) that gives a user the ability to choose the sequence of providers his packets take. NIRA addresses a broad range of issues, including practical
provider compensation, scalable route discovery, efficient route representation, fast route fail-over, and security. NIRA supports user choice without running a global link-state routing protocol. It breaks an end-to-end route into a sender part and a receiver part and uses address assignment to represent each part. A user can
specify a route with only a source and a destination address, and switch routes by switching addresses. We evaluate NIRA using combination of network measurement, simulation, and analysis. Our evaluation shows that NIRA supports user choice with low overhead.
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