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[attachment=14650]
Introduction
Fourth generation wireless system is a packet switched wireless system with wide area coverage and high throughput.
It is designed to be cost effective and to provide high spectral efficiency.
The 4g wirelesses uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Ultra Wide Radio Band (UWB), and Millimeter wireless.
Data rate of 20mbps is employed. Mobile speed will be up to 200km/hr.
The high performance is achieved by the use of long term channel prediction, in both time and frequency, scheduling among users and smart antennas combined with adaptive modulation and power control.
Frequency band is 2-8 GHz. it gives the ability for worldwide roaming to access cell anywhere
Features
About 4G
Implementation Using 4G
Transmission
Wireless Technologies Used In 4G
Issues
The first issue deals with optimal choice of access technology, or how to be best connected.
Given that a user may be offered connectivity from more than one technology at any one time, one has to consider how the terminal and an overlay network choose the radio access technology suitable for services the user is accessing
The second issue regards the design of a mobility enabled IP networking architecture, which contains the functionality to deal with mobility between access technologies.
This includes fast, seamless vertical (between heterogeneous technologies) handovers (IP micro-mobility), quality of service (QoS), security and accounting. Real-time applications in the future will require fast/seamless handovers for smooth operation
Mobility Management
Features of mobility management in Ipv6
128-bit address space provides a sufficiently large number of addresses
High quality support for real-time audio and video transmission, short/bursty connections of web applications, peer-to-peer applications, etc
Faster packet delivery, decreased cost of processing - no header checksum at each relay, fragmentation only at endpoints
Smooth handoff when the mobile host travels from one subnet to another, causing a change in its Care-of Address
Applications
4GCar
4G and public safety
Sensors in public vehicle
Cameras in traffic light
First responder route selection
Traffic control during disasters
Future
Increased speed is a critical requirement for 4G communications systems.
Data-rate increases of 10-50X over 3G systems will place streaming audio and video access into the hands of consumers who, with each wireless generation, demand a much richer set of wireless-system features.
Power control will be critical since some services (such as streaming video) require much more power than do others
4G's flexibility will allow the integration of several different LAN and WAN technologies
A 4G appliance would be as important in home-networking applications as it would as a device to communicate with family, friends, and co-workers
Finally, a 4G wireless phone would give a user the capability of global roaming and access the ability to use a cell phone anywhere worldwide.
At this point, the 4G wireless system would truly go into a "one size fits all" category, having a feature set that meets the needs of just about everyone
Conclusion
The mobile technology though reached only at 2.5G now, 4G offers us to provide with a very efficient and reliable wireless communication system for seamless roaming over various network including Internet, which uses IP network.
The 4G systems will be implemented in the coming years, which are a miracle in the field of communication engineering technology
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Definition
Fourth generation wireless system is a packet switched wireless system with wide area coverage and high throughput. It is designed to be cost effective and to provide high spectral efficiency . The 4g wireless uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Ultra Wide Radio Band (UWB),and Millimeter wireless. Data rate of 20mbps is employed. Mobile speed will be up to 200km/hr.The high performance is achieved by the use of long term channel prediction, in both time and frequency, scheduling among users and smart antennas combined with adaptive modulation and power control. Frequency band is 2-8 GHz. it gives the ability for world wide roaming to access cell anywhere.
Wireless mobile communications systems are uniquely identified by "generation designations. Introduced in the early 1980s, first generation (1G) systems were marked by analog frequency modulation and used primarily for voice communications. Second generation (2G) wireless communications systems, which made their appearance in the late 1980s, were also used mainly for voice transmission and reception The wireless system in widespread use today goes by the name of 2.5G-an "in between " service that serves as a stepping stone to 3G. Whereby 2G communications is generally associated with Global System for Mobile (GSM) service, 2.5G is usually identified as being "fueled " by General Packet Radio Services (GPRS) along with GSM. In 3G systems, making their appearance in late 2002 and in 2003, are designed for voice and paging services, as well as interactive media use such as teleconferencing, Internet access, and other services. The problem with 3G wireless systems is bandwidth-these systems provide only WAN coverage ranging from 144 kbps (for vehicle mobility applications) to 2 Mbps (for indoor static applications). Segue to 4G, the "next dimension " of wireless communication. The 4g wireless uses Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM), Ultra Wide Radio Band (UWB), and Millimeter wireless and smart antenna. Data rate of 20mbps is employed. Mobile speed will be up to 200km/hr.Frequency band is 2 ?]8 GHz. it gives the ability for world wide roaming to access cell anywhere.
Features:
o Support for interactive multimedia, voice, streaming video, Internet, and other broadband services
o IP based mobile system
o High speed, high capacity, and low cost per bit
o Global access, service portability, and scalable mobile services
o Seamless switching, and a variety of Quality of Service driven services
o Better scheduling and call admission control techniques
o Ad hoc and multi hop networks (the strict delay requirements of voice make multi hop network service a difficult problem)
o Better spectral efficiency
o Seamless network of multiple protocols and air interfaces (since 4G will be all ?]IP, look for 4G systems to be compatible with all common network technologies, including802.11, WCDMA, Blue tooth, and Hyper LAN).
o An infrastructure to handle pre existing 3G systems along with other wireless technologies, some of which are currently under development.
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INTRODUCTION TO 4G
Fourth Generation (4G) wireless communications
1. What is fourth generation (4G) mobile?
At present the download speed for mobile internet connections in Japan are between 9.6 kbit/s for 2G cellular, up to 128 kbit/s for PHS, typically 200 kbit/s (nominally 384 kbps) for DoCoMo and Vodafone 3G cellular, and 2.4 Mbps for KDDI/AU CDMA2000-1x-WIN service. However, in actual use the data rates are usually slower, especially in crowded areas, or when the network is "congested". 4G mobile data transmission rates are planned to be up to 20 megabits per second.
Read more about the two waves of 3G introduction in Japan: our 3G FAQ (html) and our 3G report (pdf-file for download). In our 3G report you will find a lot of market data for Japans 3G market (20 million 3G subscribers in Japan in July 2004), which will give you a good idea about what 4G might look like in the future.
2. What is DoCoMo's MOTO-Media?
NTT-DoCoMo and Hewlett-Packard have announced that the two companies are jointly developing technologies for 4G wireless communications. They have named the technology platform: MOTO-Media.
3. When will 4G (broadband) mobile communications being introduced in Japan?
Initially DoCoMo planned to introduce 4G services around 2010. Recently DoCoMo announced plans to introduce 4G services from 2006, i.e. four years earlier than previously planned.
4. What will the data rates be for 4G (broadband mobile) in Japan?
At present (2G) imode data rates in Japan are up to 9.6 kbit/sec, but usually a lot slower, and 28.2kbps for 504i, 505i, 506i handsets (since May 2002). For 3G (FOMA) data rates are at present around 200kbps (download) and 64kbps (upload) and will in the future be upgraded to 10 Mbit/sec. KDDI/AU offers 2.4 Mbit/s since December 2003. For 4G data rates up to 20 Megabytes per second are planned. This is about 2000 times faster than present (year 2001) mobile data rates, and about 10 times faster than top transmission rates planned in the final build out of 3G broadband mobile. It is about 10-20 times faster than standard ASDL services, which are being introduced for internet connections over traditional copper cables at this time (2001).
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4G (also known as Beyond 3G), an abbreviation for Fourth-Generation, is a term used to describe the next complete evolution in wireless communications. A 4G system will be able to provide a comprehensive IP solution where voice, data and streamed multimedia can be given to users on an "Anytime, Anywhere" basis, and at higher data rates than previous generations. As the second generation was a total replacement of the first generation networks and handsets; and the third generation was a total replacement of second generation networks and handsets; so too the fourth generation cannot be an incremental evolution of current 3G technologies, but rather the total replacement of the current 3G networks and handsets. The international telecommunications regulatory and standardization bodies are working for commercial deployment of 4G networks roughly in the 2012-2015 time scale. At that point it is predicted that even with current evolutions of third generation 3G networks, these will tend to be congested. There is no formal definition for what 4G is; however, there are certain objectives that are projected for 4G. These objectives include: that 4G will be a fully IP-based integrated system. This will be achieved after wired and wireless technologies converge and will be capable of providing between 100 Mbit/s and 1 Gbit/s speeds both indoors and outdoors, with premium quality and high security. 4G will offer all types of services at an affordable cost. Many companies have taken self-serving definitions and distortions about 4G to suggest they have 4G already in existence today, such as several early trials and launches of WiMax, which is part of the formal ITU standard for 3G. Other companies have made prototype systems calling those 4G. While it is possible that some currently demonstrated technologies may become part of 4G, until the 4G standard or standards have been defined, it is impossible for any company currently to provide with any certainty wireless solutions that could be called 4G cellular networks that would conform to the eventual international standards for 4G. These confusing statements around "existing" 4G have served to confuse investors and analysts about the wireless industry.
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[attachment=6785]
4G TECHNOLOGY
S.NAYAZ AHMED, S.SARAN KUMAR
Electronics and Communication Engineering,final year
C.Abdul Hakeem College of Engineering & Tech
Melvisharam
vellore Dt-631102
Abstract
The main aim of our paper is to bring forth the detail about the low cost wireless internet access for rural area through the 4G technology wi-fi (IEE 802.11n).
Although a large number of Internet users now enjoy high-speed access, there are still vast geographic regions where broadband services are either prohibitively expensive or simply unavailable at any price. Researches and technology are more needed for rural areas where the development is lacking.
Hence our paper analyses the cost and effectiveness of all possible technologies such as Cisco Aeronet Bridge based system, tethered Aerostat based network, and mesh network to find the suitable broadband access technology for rural people in a bearable cost.
Introduction
The 4G technologies are all about improving the performance of today s mobile networks, and also revolutionizing the model to create a truly ultra-broadband mobile experience.
The international telecommunications regulatory and standardization bodies are working for commercial deployment of 4G networks roughly in the 2012-2015 time scale.
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