Comparison and Contrast between the OSI and TCP/IP Model



Introduction

This presentation would discuss some comparison and contrast between the 2 main reference models which uses the concept of protocol layering.

Open System Interconnection Model (OSI)
Transport Control Protocol /Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)

The Session Layer

The Session layer permits two parties to hold ongoing communications called a session across a network.
Not found in TCP/IP model
In TCP ....etc

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Formula for emf and mmf, similarities between emf and mmf and difference ....etc

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looking for comparison between avr pic and 8051..
as soon as u can..plz
thanks a lot..:) ....etc

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THEORY:
The regulation of a 3-phase alternator may be predetermined by conducting the Open Circuit (OC) and the Sort Circuit (SC) tests. The methods employed for determination of regulation are EMF or synchronous impedance method, MMF or Ampere Turns method and the ZPF or Potier triangle method. In this experiment, the EMF and MMF methods are used. The OC and SC graphs are plotted from the two tests. The synchronous impedance is found from the OC test. The regulation is then determined at different power factors by ....etc

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why asa method is superior to zpf method ....etc

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Comparison between Pizza hut and Dominos customer preferences. ....etc

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This method is also called potier method. In the operation of any alternator, the armature resistance drop and armature leakage reactance drop IXL are actually e.m.f. quantities while the armature reaction is basically m.m.f. quantity. In the synchronous impedance all the quantities are treated as e.m.f. quantities as against this in M.M.F. method all are treated as m.m.f. quantities. Hence in both the methods, we are away from reality.
Note : This method is based on the separation of armature leakage reactance and armature reaction effects. ....etc

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AIM
To conduct OC, SC and ZPF test on the three phase alternator and to predetermine the regulation of 3 phase alternator by EMF method, MMF method, & ZPF method also to verify by vector diagram.
APPARATUS REQUIRED
PRECAUTION
1. The motor field rheostat should be kept in the minimum resistance position.
2. The alternator field potential divider should be in the minimum voltage position.
3. Initially all switches are in open position.
PROCEDURE
A. OC.Test
1. Note down the name plate details ....etc

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Communication is going wireless with the upsurge of smart mobile devices such as laptops, cellular phones, PDA, tablets etc. In order escape traps of wires and to stream data wirelessly among these devices, a number of protocols have been formulated such Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC etc. Using these technologies users can exchange almost all sorts of files at high speeds. The speed of data transfer is not a major concern and there is no limit on data size exchanged. Though used for a lot of similar applications, these data exchange protocols have sign ....etc

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