fuzzy logic based traffic light controllerlab source code

Nowadays congestion in traffic is a serious issue. The traffic congestion can also be caused by large Red light delays, etc. The delay of respective light is hard coded in the traffic light and it is not dependent on traffic. Therefore for simulating and optimizing traffic control to better accommodate this increasing demand is arises. In this paper we studied the optimization of traffic light controller in a City using microcontroller. Thus I propose multiple traffic light control and ....etc

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Abstract

A digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines, amusement rides, or lighting fixtures. PLCs are used in many industries and machines is called a programmable logic controller (PLC) / programmable controller. The PLC is designed for multiple inputs and output arrangements, extended temperature ranges, immunity to electrical noise, and resistance to vibration and impact.
A PLC has many input terminals, through which it interprets high and low ....etc

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Prepared by:
SHAMEER N

Under the guidance of
Dr. S ASHOK


Introduction

In the fast developing world, height of the buildings increased tremendously and the lift has become more of a necessary rather than luxury. When the number of floor increased the control mechanism required for the lift will become more complex. Programmable Logic Controllers are widely accepted industrial control device. With the growth in technology PLCs are now capable of advanced data manipulations, communications ....etc

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Programmable Logic Controllers
Training Contents
Starters
What is a Programmable Logic Controller ?
Theory of Operation
The Internals
How it works
Response Time
Effects of Response Time
Creating Programs
Relays
Replacing Relays
Basic Instructions
Basic Program Example
PLC Registers
A Level Application
How a Ladder is Scanned ?
Main Instruction Set
Latching Instructions
Counters
Timers
One-Shots
Numbers
Math
Number Systems
Boolean Math
[b ....etc

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1. INTRODUCTION
Programmable logic controllers (PLCs) are members of the computer family capable of storing instructions to control functions such as sequencing, timing, and counting, which control a machine or a process. The PLC is composed of two basic sections, the Central Processing Unit (CPU) and the Input/Output (I/O) interface system. The PLC measures input signals coming from a machine and through the internal program provides output or control back to the machine.
Ladder logic is the programming language used to ....etc

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Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA)
CLB Configurable Logic Block, contains RAM based Loop-Up-table (LUT) to implement Logic and storage element.
IOB Input Output Block control the flow of data between the I/O and the internal Logic of the device.
Block RAM provides data storage in form of Dual Port RAM
Multiplier accepts two 18-number and outputs product.
DCM : Digital Clock Manager is used to generate clock with desired frequency and phase.
Advantages of FPGA
Very complicated design upto 5Million ga ....etc

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COMPLEX PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC DEVICE

As chip densities increased, it was natural for the PLD manufacturers to evolve their products into larger (logically, but not necessarily physically) parts called Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs). For most practical purposes, CPLDs can be thought of as multiple PLDs (plus some programmable interconnect) in a single chip. The larger size of a CPLD allows we to implement either more logic equations or a more complicated design. In fact, these chips are large enough to replace dozens of the pesky par ....etc

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ABSTRACT:

A PLC or programmable controller is a digital computer used for automation of electro mechanical processes, such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines.
In past humans was main method for controlling a system. More recently electricity has been used for control and early electrical based on relays. These relays allow power to be switched on and off without a mechanical switch it is common to use relays to make simple logic control decisions.
The development of low cost computer has brought the most recent revolut ....etc

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ABSTRACT
Development of a traffic light control system using PLC (Programmable
Logic Controller) is the title of this project. This project is divided into two parts
which are hardware and software. The hardware part for this project is a model of
four way junction of a traffic light. Each lane has two limits switch (input) function
as a sensor. Three indicator lamps with different colours (Red, Yellow and Green)
are installed at each lane for represents as traffic light signal. This limit switches and
indicator lamps are connecte ....etc

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PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC CONTROLLERS AND SCADA


Presented by
N. D. Ramesh


Road Map
Introduction
Basic PLC components
Introduction to STEP 7 LITE
Programming PLC and Ladder logic
Exercises
SCADA
Future scope

Introduction
A digitally operating electronic apparatus which uses a programmable memory for implementing specific functions such as :
Logic sequencing
Timing
Counting
Arithmetic control
through digital or analog
input/output modules
Purpose of PL ....etc

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