required avera protection relay type-cdg31 vag21 relay testing manual. ....etc

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Output relay Back-EMF Protection



Description

When an electric lock is de-energised, the collapsing magnetic field produces energy to be
generated within the windings of the coil. This energy produces a voltage (or EMF) within the
coil, of the opposite polarity to the normally applied voltage used to energise the magnet.
This back-EMF can result in hundreds of volts and can cause damage to the switching relay,
as it sparks across the contacts.
It is normal practice to install a diode, or bridge rect ....etc

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kindly furnished me with what this topic is about i.e steps to achieve the project up to P.hD level ....etc

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DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF A COMPOSITE BEAM FOR SIDE IMPACT PROTECTION OF A SEDAN .


ABSTRACT

Side Impact crashes can be generally dangerous because there is no room for large deformation to protect an occupant from the crash forces. The side impact collision is the second largest cause of death in United States after frontal crash. Day by day increase in the fuel cost and the emission of the smoke from the automobile industry are also the major concerns in the contemporary world, hence the safety, fuel efficiency and emission gas ....etc

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advantage and application of microcontroller based relay in protection of power transformer\need for project report ....etc

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TRANSFORMER PRO TECTION USING NUMERICAL RELAY
PROJECT REPORT
Submitted by
AMBILY G ASHA V N SHYAMA K
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this project is to analyze and upgrade existing transformer protection system in BPCL Kochi Refinery. Transformers are static devices totally enclosed and generally oil immersed. Therefore, chances of faults occurring on them are very rare. However the consequences of even a rare fault may be very serious unless the transformer is quickly disconnected from the system. This necessitates providing ....etc

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The system includes facilities for discrimination between the internal fault current and the magnetizing input current, differential protection, over current protection, over voltage protection and low voltage protection. This article has explained and designed the software and hardware system based on microcontrollers.


The protection of power transformers is a very difficult problem in the retransmission of the power system. Since it is very important to minimize the frequency and duration o ....etc

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yeah im looking for directional relay power point slides or suitable presentation about directional relays
....etc

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Impact of Distributed Resources on Distribution Relay Protection


Introduction
The use of distributed resources has increased substantially since 1998 because of the potential to provide increased reliability and lower cost of power delivery to customers. The addition of a distributed resource (DR) to a power system, particularly to the distribution system, introduces system conditions not otherwise encountered. These conditions can have a serious impact on the operation and integr ....etc

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REVIEW OF CFL AND ITS HARMONIC IMPACT ON ELECTRICAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Guide: Mr. Rijo Rajan, prepared by: Merin Lukose
Lecturer, S7 EE
EE department.



INTRODUCTION

Energy advantages of CFL has made it a common lighting device recently.

CFL comprises of electronic components which produces harmonics.

System gets polluted due to harmonics and it seriously affect the electrical equipments connected in the network. ....etc

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