I WANT NAMES OF BACTERIAS PARTICULARLY RESPONSIBLE FOR DISCOLORIZATION OF DISTILLERY EFFLUENT ....etc

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NanoTechnology
1
A glimpse into the Technology of 21st
Century NANOTECHNOLOGY
I. Introduction
Computers reproduce information at almost no cost. A push is well
underway to invent devices that manufacture at almost no cost, by treating
atoms like computers treat bits of information. This would allow automatic
construction of consumer goods with out traditional labour, like a Xerox
machine produces unlimited copies without a secretary retyping the original
information. Electronics is fuelled by miniaturization. Working smaller has
led to the too ....etc

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nanometer

ABSTRACT
A nanometer is one billionth of a meter. If you blew up a baseball to the size of the
earth, the atoms would become visible, about the size of grapes. Some 3- 4 atoms fit
lined up inside a nanometer. Nanotechnology is about building things atom by atom,
molecule by molecule. The trick is to be able to manipulate atoms individually, and
place them where you wish on a structure.
Nanotechnology uses well known physical properties of atoms and molecules to make
novel devices with extraord ....etc

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ABSTRACT

Silicon has been the heart of the world's technology boom for nearly half a century. Each year, manufacturers bring out the next great computer chip that boosts computing power and allows our Personal Computers to do more than we imagined just a decade ago. The current technology used to make microprocessors, deep ultraviolet lithography will begin to reach its limit around 2005. At that time, chipmakers will have to look to other technologies to cram more transistors onto silicon to create powerful chips. Many ....etc

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1 .INTRODUCTION

In the 21st century, the nanometer will very likely play a role similar to the one played by the micrometer in the 20th century The nanometer scale will presumably pervade the field of data storage. In magnetic storage today, there is no clear-cut way to achieve the nanometer scale in all three dimensions. The basis for storage in the 21st century might still be magnetism. Within a few years, however, magnetic storage technology will arrive at a stage of its exciting and successful evolution at which fundamental changes are ....etc

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ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the basic concepts and current state of development of EUV lithography (EUVL), a relatively new form lithography that uses extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation with a wavelength in the range of 10 to 14 nanometer (nm) to carry out projection imaging. Currently, and for the last several decades, optical projection lithography has been the lithographic technique used in the high-volume manufacture of integrated circuits. It is widely anticipated that improvements in this technology will allow it to remain the sem ....etc

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Introduction to Lithography for Nanometer VLSI Manufacturing


Optical Proximity Correction (OPC)
Optical proximity correction (OPC) is a photolithography enhancement techniques commonly used to compensate the mask pattern for image errors due to diffraction or process effects.

Design for Manufacturability (DFM)
A design methodologyincludes a set of techniquesto modify the design of ICs in order to improve:
Functional yield, parametric yield, reliability
Te ....etc

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1. INTRODUCTION
Today data storage is dominated by the use of magnetic disks. Storage densities of about more than 5 Gb/cmhave been achieved. In the past 40 years areal density has increased by 6 orders of magnitude. But there is a physical limit. It has been predicted that superparamagnetic effects- the bit size at which stored information become volatile as a function of time- will limit the densities of current longitudinal recording media to about 15.5 Gb/cm2.In the near future century nanometer scale will pre ....etc

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1. INTRODUCTION
Today data storage is dominated by the use of magnetic disks. Storage densities of about more than 5 Gb/cmhave been achieved. In the past 40 years areal density has increased by 6 orders of magnitude. But there is a physical limit. It has been predicted that superparamagnetic effects- the bit size at which stored information become volatile as a function of time- will limit the densities of current longitudinal recording media to about 15.5 Gb/cm2.In the near future century nanometer scale will pre ....etc

[:=Read Full Message Here=:]

1. INTRODUCTION
Today data storage is dominated by the use of magnetic disks. Storage densities of about more than 5 Gb/cmhave been achieved. In the past 40 years areal density has increased by 6 orders of magnitude. But there is a physical limit. It has been predicted that superparamagnetic effects- the bit size at which stored information become volatile as a function of time- will limit the densities of current longitudinal recording media to about 15.5 Gb/cm2.In the near future century nanometer scale will pre ....etc

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The beginning

Microprocessors are essential to many of the products we use every day such as TVs, cars, radios, home appliances and of course, computers. Transistors are the main components of microprocessors. At their most basic level, transistors may seem simple. But their development actually required many years of painstaking research. Before transistors, computers relied on slow, inefficient vacuum tubes and mechanical switches to process information. In 1958, engineers managed to put two transistors onto a Silicon cryst ....etc

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1 .INTRODUCTION

In the 21st century, the nanometer will very likely play a role similar to the one played by the micrometer in the 20th century The nanometer scale will presumably pervade the field of data storage. In magnetic storage today, there is no clear-cut way to achieve the nanometer scale in all three dimensions. The basis for storage in the 21st century might still be magnetism. Within a few years, however, magnetic storage technology will arrive at a stage of its exciting and successful evolution at which fund ....etc

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ABSTRACT
In the future, the current method of magnetically storing data may reach its limit of maximum achievable density. Hence we need a data storage technology which has high storage capacity and is small in size. The solution is Thermomechanical data storage. Thermomechanical Data Storage is a data storage scheme in which nanometer sized pits on a plastic disc represent digital data. This data storage concept combines ultrahigh density, terabit capacity, small form factor and high data rates. By using this concept, we w ....etc

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